*n- pentane- n-Pentane is a flammable liquid. It is used as a solvent, as a build- ing block chemical in reactions to form other industrial substances, as a component of fuel, and as an aerosol propellant. n-Pentane has been used as the blowing agent of choice for expanded polystyrene since the 1970s.
*Acetylene- A colourless pungent-smelling hydrocarbon gas, which burns with a bright flame, used in welding and formerly in lighting is called acetylene.
*Waxes- wax is a simple lipid which is an ester of a long-chain alcohol and a fatty acid is called as waxes
*Crude oil- Crude oil is a naturally occurring,unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials. A type of fossil fuel, crude oil can be refined to produce usable products such as gasoline, diesel, and various other forms of petrochemicals.
*Isomers- Each of two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties is called as isomers.
*IUPAC- The purpose of the IUPAC system of nomenclature is to establish an international standard of naming compounds to facilitate communication. The goal of the system is to give each structure a unique and unambiguous name, and to correlate each name with a unique and unambiguous structure.
A balanced chemical equation occurs when the number of the different atoms of elements in the reactants side is equal to that of the products side. Balancing chemical equations is a process of trial and error.
*Geometrical isomers- Geometric isomers are two or more coordination compounds which contain the same number and types of atoms, and bonds (i.e., the connectivity between atoms is the same), but which have different spatial arrangements of the atoms. ... The isomer in which like ligands are adjacent to one another is called the cis isomer.
*Sulfonation- Sulfonation is a reversible reaction that produces benzenesulfonic acid by adding sulfur trioxide and fuming sulfuric acid. The reaction is reversed by adding hot aqueous acid to benzenesulfonic acid to produce benzene.
*Bromination- One of the major uses of bromine is a water purifier/disinfectant, as an alternative to chlorine. Brominated compounds are used for water treatment in swimming pools and hot tubs and are also used to control algae and bacterial growth in industrial processes.
Markowinkov's rule- The rule states that with the addition of a protic acid HX or other polar reagent to an asymmetric alkene, the acid hydrogen (H) or electropositive part gets attached to the carbon with more hydrogen substituents, and the halide (X) group or electronegative part gets attached to the carbon with more alkyl substituents.
*Nonaromatic: A molecule that is neither aromatic or antiaromatic. 1,3,5-Hexatriene is nonaromatic because it does not have a closed loop of p orbitals and because it is acyclic.
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